• Economic cost: the sum of explicit cost plus implicit cost. Accounting Versus Economic Cost Short-Run Versus Long-Run Decisions • Short run: a period of time during which at least one factor of production remains fixed. In the short run, a firm decides how much output to produce in the current facility. • Long run: the time it takes for a firm to build a production facility and start producing output. In the long run, a firm decides what size and type of facility to build. Production and Cost in the Short Run • The key principle behind the firm's short-run cost curves is the principle of diminishing returns. PRINCIPLEof Diminishing ReturnsSuppose output is produced with two or more inputs and we increase one input while holding the other input or inputs fixed. Beyond some point—called the point of diminishing returns—output will increase at a decreasingrate. Production and Marginal Product • The total product curve shows the relationship between the quantity of labor and the quantity of output produced.
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↑ Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Atlanta, Georgia. MMWR, 52, 27, S. 642–646, 2003
Global skew: Global skew defines the difference between the earliest component reaching the flip flow vis-à-vis the latest component arriving at the flip flow within the same clock domain. It needs to be mentioned that in this skew, the delays are not measured while the clock is uniform for both. Useful skew: Useful skew is used to define the delay in capturing flip flop paths which, in turn, help in setting up an environment with precise requirements for the launch and capture of the timing path. It needs to be mentioned that for design purposes, the hold requirement has to be met. 5. How many transistors does a Static RAM use? Static RAM makes use of six transistors. It also needs to be said that, under Static RAM, read and write operations make use of the same port. 6. Can explain what an SCR is? SCR or Silicon Controlled Rectifier can be described as a 4 layered, 3-terminal solid-state device which is used to control the flow of current. It can be termed as a type of rectifier which is controlled by a logical gate signal.